Archives: 1/2012

Art

Throughout the history of biological sciences, researchers have attempted to visualize the micro-world of our human bodies through various forms of art. Art simply makes all the fancy technical jargon-filled talks more understandable and interesting (and helps a college student taking Molecular Biology pass the course).

Using the latest in 3D and 4D computer animation, biomedical animator Drew Berry shows off in this recently posted TED Talk some stunning animations of various processes that go on around the clock in our cells.

Take a look at the TED Talk below showing beautiful and accurate animations of DNA replication and mitosis in action. It’s like a Pixar movie about the life of cells!

If you like what you see, be sure to check out more of Drew Berry’s work at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research website

surgical robot u of w Open Source Surgery, a Robot called Raven takes FlightA multidisciplinary team of engineers from the University of Washington and the University of California, Santa Cruz have developed a surgical robot, called Raven 2, for use as an open source surgical robotics research platform. Seven units of the Raven 2 will be made available to researchers at Harvard , Johns Hopkins, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, University of California, Berkeley, and the University of California, Los Angeles, while the remaining two systems will remain at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and the University of Washington.

The Raven 2 is a surgical robot with 7 degrees of freedom, compact electronics and two wing-like arms which end in tiny gripper claws designed to perform surgery on simulated patients. The robot’s software is compatible with Robot Operating System, an open source robotics coding platform.

This open source approach, along with the provision of the Raven 2 units to the participating schools, aims to accelerate the pace of development of surgical robotics. By saving researchers time and effort in developing their own software control systems and by providing a common hardware research platform, more time can be spent sharing software improvements, replicating experiments and collaborating.

According to the press release a number of research projects have already been lined up for the Raven 2 units by the participating schools:

  • Harvard mechanical engineers working on “beating-heart” surgery, where a robot compensates for the movement of a beating heart so a surgeon can operate as if on a static surface.
  • Johns Hopkins computer scientists working on image analysis, superimposing the surgeon’s field of view on standard medical images.
  • UW research on force feedback, using machine intelligence to create barriers around things a surgeon needs to avoid, and attractive force fields around objects the surgeon wants to touch.

The engineering team has been posting about their progress and published some videos of the Raven 2 in action at the Raven 2 Development Blog. This project is sure to make a huge impact on the field of surgical robotics and we will be eager to watch its progress.

Press release: Surgical robots to provide open-source platform for medical robotics research…

3532dfvzx Riverain Chest X Ray Temporal Comparison Software Highlights Differences in Chest X Rays Over Time
Riverain Technologies has received FDA clearance for its Temporal Comparison software for chest X-rays. The software compares current and previous chest X-rays of the same patient and highlights the differences in order to improve detection of new nodules which may be early lung cancer.

The software uses pattern recognition and machine learning algorithms (including its existing bone suppression algorithms) to normalize each image to make it consistent with a standard format. The lung field is then identified for comparison. The current and prior image are then aligned and processed by subtracting the current image from the prior image. The system integrates seamlessly with the PACS system, saving the resulting difference image as an additional image in the patient’s folder ready for the radiologist’s interpretation.

In a study performed by the company as part of the FDA approval process, on 422 pairs of chest X-rays, 15 radiologists were able to demonstrate an average 12.4 percent improvement in sensitivity for actionable solitary pulmonary nodules using Riverain’s Temporal Comparison software as compared to results based on comparing the X-rays side by side.

In addition to the United States, Temporal Comparison is also available in Canada and Europe. It requires the customer to have purchased Riverain’s bone suppression software SoftView, functioning as an add-on to it. The software can also be used in combination with Riverain’s On-Guard Computer-Aided Detection software to improve early detection of lung disease.

Press release: Riverain Technologies’ Temporal Comparison X-ray Software Receives FDA Clearance…

Product page: Riverain Temporal Comparison…

Flashbacks: Radiologists Get Software Assistance for Chest X-Ray Analysis; Riverain’s Updated Chest X-Ray CAD Technology Gets FDA OK; Riverain’s OnGuard Computer-Aided Detection System Validated in European Study; Riverain Medical Receives FDA Clearance for SoftView Enhanced Chest Imaging; Siemens to Offer Riverain SoftView on Devices

xhevbfj7 St. Jude Medicals Deep Brain Stimulator Demonstrates Benefit for Parkinsons Patients
The use of implanted Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for the treatment of the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease has been the focus of a lot research activity and technological innovation over the last number of years. Yesterday St. Jude Medical announced positive results from a controlled study of their Libra family of DBS implantable pulse generators, the results of which were published in the journal The Lancet Neurology.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Libra devices in managing the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. The study was carried out on on 136 Parkinson’s patients in 15 clinical sites throughout the U.S. and the primary endpoint was an increase in the duration in which patients had good control of their symptoms and motor functions.

The key findings reported in the journal article were as follows:

Both study groups reported a mean increase of good quality on time after 3 months, and the increase was greater in the stimulation group (4·27 h vs 1·77 h, difference 2·51 [95% CI 0·87—4·16]; p=0·003). Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale motor scores in the off-medication, on-stimulation condition improved by 39% from baseline (24·8 vs 40·8). Some serious adverse events occurred after DBS implantation, including infections in five (4%) of 136 patients and intracranial haemorrhage in four (3%) patients. Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus was associated with dysarthria, fatigue, paraesthesias, and oedema, whereas gait problems, disequilibrium, dyskinesia, and falls were reported in both groups.

The Libra devices used in this study are essentially constant current pulse generators which deliver a fixed current ‘dose’ irrespective of changes in the properties of the region being stimulated. According to the company website the devices are currently available Europe, Latin America and Australia for managing the symptoms of PD.

Lancet Neurology article: Subthalamic deep brain stimulation with a constant-current device in Parkinson’s disease: an open-label randomised controlled trial doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70308-8

Press release: Results of St. Jude Medical’s First Controlled Study of Deep Brain Stimulation Confirms Benefit of Constant Current System for Patients with Parkinson’s Disease …

5734FC iHealth Labs Announces iGlucometer to Better Monitor Your iHealthThis week at the CES 2012 in Las Vegas, iHealth Labs announced the iHealth Smart GlucoMeter, a blood glucose system that utilizes your iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch with an attached dongle to quickly and easily measure your blood glucose levels and keep them in check. Much like Sanofi/AgaMatrix’s iBGStar, the iHealth Smart GlucoMeter consists of a test strip reader that attaches to your iDevice’s dock connector and accepts industry-standard test strips. The companion app can store and chart historical blood glucose readings, show 7-day, 14-day, or 30-day test result averages, and share these results with a physician or loved one.

Also announced at CES were updated versions of iHealth Labs’ wireless blood pressure monitor and body fat scale. The second generation wireless blood pressure monitor now uses Bluetooth technology to transmit to an iOS device. The updated body fat scale has been redesigned “based on human body engineering” to provide users a better experience in reading and recording vital body composition components.

All the announced products will also use iHealth’s iHealth Cloud Service to instantly and securely back-up and store their results in the cloud.

Press release: iHealth Lab Unveils a Trio of iOS-Enabled Mobile Health Devices at CES 2012…

More from Engadget

s3cbay99 First App to be Registered as Class I Medical Device in the UKA couple of months ago we mentioned Mersey Burns, an app which enables a quick, accurate calculation of the amount of fluids to be administered after burn injuries. Now this software is the first app to have received approval as a medical device from the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.

Mersey Burns was created by Chris Seaton from the University of Manchester: it was developed further within the Mersey Plastic Surgery Unit. The app is available for iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch. To calculate the fluid protocol, the app requires input of the areas that are burned and patient information such as weight, height and age. Down below you can see a video on how the app works.

Mersey Burns on UK MHRA…

Article on d4: A UK first: Mersey Burns app is registered with the MHRA as a Class I medical device…

IGEM 2011 web450 thumb 450x254 23383 Bacteria Based Strips for Blood Glucose MonitoringNormally you wouldn’t want your test strips to get into contact with bacteria; you’d want to store the strips in a safe and clean place. But what if the bacteria were part of the test strip? Students from Missouri Science and Technology have made a system in which they use segments of DNA embedded in bacteria to detect glucose.

The students have used a non-virulent strain of E.coli and put designed genes into the bacteria’s DNA, enabling them to sense the presence of glucose. The bacteria emit a yellow glow if there is glucose and as the glucose concentration rises, the glow becomes brighter. The DNA senses a change in osmolarity due to the presence of glucose.

It could become the basis for a new way to monitor blood glucose levels. The plan is to replace the fluorescent gene with another gene, which would make the bacteria change color based on glucose concentrations. Bacteria based test strips might also be less expensive than chemical based strips, which are currently used. A future step in the development of this system, is to add an insulin gene for use in insulin pumps, where certain glucose levels trigger insulin production.

Press statement by Missouri University of Science and Technology: Student team’s glucose sensor uses DNA instead of chemicals…

312c99b41 b BodyMedia and IBM Collaborate to Give Personal Weight Loss AdviceBodyMedia has announced a personalized feedback system called BodyMedia FIT coach, which makes use of analytics software from IBM to give customized weigh loss advice. This will help people better understand how they progress and help them to accomplish their fitness goals.

The FIT coach will analyze user input, historical and current BodyMedia data to provide personal feedback. The BodyMedia FIT Armbands have already tracked a lot of data of many people up until this moment: using all this information to make a personalized advice can improve the success of consumer’s weight loss plans.

The feedback system is based on IBM Decision Management platform. It makes calculations to assess the users’ current status and compare it to the long-term goals. Down below you can find the key features of the FIT coach.

“The new FIT coach component of the BodyMedia FIT Activity Manager software is the first solution of its kind that can calculate and deliver information on:

  • Whether users are missing, meeting or beating their targets for burning calories daily
  • Multiple activity options for making up shortfalls in daily goals for burning calories (e.g. “Hop on the treadmill and walk for about one hour at a speed of four mph and you should hit your goal for burning calories today”)
  • Nutritional analysis of each day’s eating  patterns, along with relevant recommendations for correcting problems such as excess fat intake
  • Overall progress towards the users’ weight loss goals, along with advice to stay on course”

Link: BodyMedia Selects IBM Software to Personalize Weight Loss Advice

Earlier BodyMedia posts: Personal Activity Monitor to Interface with Sprint Phones (2011); BodyMedia: You Will Die Tomorrow (2005)

15ri7epz Motion Sensor Sleeve Put to Use in Monitoring Manual Assembly OperationsResearchers from the Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation have developed a sleeve with built-in motion sensors to record hand and arm movements. Three sensors are integrated into the sleeve and by combining the information acquired by these sensors, one can measure the start and end of individual actions, such as reaching or grasping.

The purpose of this device is to better monitor and organize manual assembly operations. Using the motion sensor technology, manual procedures can be timed automatically. Industrial manufacturers analyze and optimize their employees’ operations continually in order to remain competitive.

To be monitored with the system, workers should wear two sleeves.  Currently the system can only monitor five individuals simultaneously, but the goal is to monitor several workplaces at the same time. Another aim is to put the sensors to use to detect posture and analyze workplace ergonomics.

Link: Time Recording Up One’s Sleeve…