Archives: 6/2005

fertility Successful Thawing of OocytesA new development at the University of Michigan in the thawing of oocytes, an important means of preserving fertility in women undergoing cancer therapy:

Freezing eggs is one thing; thawing them safely so they can lead to pregnancy is the challenge. In the past, efforts to freeze a woman’s eggs, or oocytes, have not worked well because the cells are large. When the egg is thawed, ice crystals cause damage that prevents the egg from being fertilized.
U-M researchers looked beyond traditional techniques to a method of freezing cells called vitrification. This cryopreservation technique allows the eggs to be cooled fast enough that the transformation from liquid to solid is instantaneous. No ice crystals form and the consistency resembles a viscous glassy state. Research so far has used mouse oocytes but U-M expects to make the technology available in the clinic soon.

The researchers caution:

For egg freezing to work, it must be a mature oocyte, which means a woman must have 14 days of hormone treatments to stimulate mature egg production. This could limit its applications for some women. Researchers question if it is appropriate for women with cancers fueled by estrogen, such as breast cancer. In addition, the hormone treatments require delaying the start of cancer therapy, which may not be an option for every patient.

More at the U of M Fertility Clinic…

carpalsolution3 Carpal Solution for Carpal Tunnel SyndromeDr. Clyde Morgan’s Carpal Solution has received an award from the Eureka Medical Advisory Board (it’s shaping up to be a slow news day, indeed).

“The Carpal Solution offers CTS suffers relief from the symptoms and hand pain of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, without the complications of oral systemic medication and the risks of invasive surgery.”

Formerly known as the Hand Restorer, The Carpal Solution is a simple brace worn overnight that is believed to decompress the wrist, restoring blood flow to the hand:

We also conclude that just as a slight reduction in external pressure in the soft tissue around the tunnel allowed an increase in blood circulation, that it will also relieve external pressure on the median nerve by the same mechanism. This is how the Carpal Solution therapy alleviates the pain and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome and revitalizes the hand naturally with well circulated blood that is rich in oxygen and nutrients.

We’d be more impressed if there was peer-reviewed data to back this up (as far as we can tell, Clyde Morgan has never published anything about carpal tunnel syndrome.) Also, his website sure mentions Harvard endorsements a lot, but notably, his advocates work at the Kennedy School of Government and the Business school, not, say, for instance, the Medical school.
More at My Carpal Tunnel…
UPDATE: A member of the Eureka Medical team writes to inform us that their group’s advisory board is actually quite distinguished, with several leaders in their medical fields. So noted!

columba brac Columba BraceletColumba bracelet is a GPS-driven system with automated alert and audio communication to prevent Alzheimer’s sufferers from wondering away. The bracelet is produced by O’Canada-based Medical Intelligence, Inc. Company explains (.pdf):

The rate of Alzheimer’s patients that “wander” or “stray” is almost 60%, with a high death rate when they are not found quickly. The innovation introduced today is a definitive solution to the problems that families, caregivers and police authorities must deal with.
Columba, the new geopositioning phone-bracelet, required three years of research and development. Louis Massicotte, founding president of Medical Intelligence, had the idea of creating the bracelet after the repeated wanderings of his own mother, who suffers from Alzheimer’s.
To prevent any disappearance, the Columba bracelet automatically detects any departure from a security zone surrounding the residence or nursing home. The “zone” is pre-determined by the patient’s family or caregiver. The Columba then alerts a medical assistance centre that promptly contacts the family or caregiver to coordinate assistance efforts.
If required, the medical assistance centre, which operates 24-7, can accurately geoposition the bracelet wearer and establish audio communication using Columba’s “handsfree” feature.
The Columba has a GPS-Assisted positioning system, a GSM/GPRS transmitter/receiver with a SIM card for voice and data, and an intelligent alert detection system.

More at Medical Intelligence
(hat tip: Engadget)

robot skin Artificial Skin for Robots
This gadget isn’t likely to immediately impact your health (unless you’re an android) but NASA is developing a tactile skin-like sensor wrap for its spacefaring robots:

Lumelsky, until recently a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has begun setting up a laboratory at Goddard to develop a high-tech covering that would enable robots to sense their environment and react to it, much like humans respond when something or someone touches their skin….
Although great headway is being made in the area of computer vision, vision isn’t enough, he said. “Humans can survive without sight, but they can’t survive without tactile sensing. The skin is the biggest organ in our body. It’s nothing more than a huge sensor.”
The idea is to develop a “sensitive skin” that technicians could use to cover a robot. This skin will include more than 1,000 infrared sensors that would detect an object, and send the information to the robot’s “brain.” The brain would digest the information, apply reasoning and react within milliseconds by directing the robot to move.

The current version is gray, but I have a feeling the next generation of ‘spacefaring robots’ will have pale yellow skin
More from Dr. Vladimir Lumelsky’s work … [PDF]

agentcell AgentCell: Digital BacteriaA joint release by the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory (managed by the UC) explains how a simulator will help to study the relationship between intracellular biochemical processes and behavior of individual E. Coli bacteria:

The simulation, called AgentCell, has possible applications in cancer research, drug development and combating bioterrorism. Other simulations of biological systems are limited to the molecular level, the single-cell level or the level of bacterial populations. AgentCell can simultaneously simulate activity on all three scales, something its creators believe no other software can do.
“With AgentCell we can simulate the behavior of entire populations of cells as they sense their environment, respond to stimuli and move in a three-dimensional world,” said Thierry Emonet, a Research Scientist in Philippe Cluzel’s laboratory at the University of Chicago’s Institute for Biophysical Dynamics.
Emonet and his colleagues have verified the accuracy of AgentCell in biological experiments. AgentCell now enables scientists rapidly to run test experiments on the computer, saving them valuable time in the laboratory later…
AgentCell will be used to tackle a major goal in single-cell biology today: to document the connection between internal biochemical fluctuations and cellular behavior. “The belief is that these fluctuations are going to be reflected in the behavior of the cell as shown experimentally by John Spudich and Daniel Koshland in 1976,” Emonet said. They may even reveal why cells sometimes act as individuals and sometimes as part of a community…
Each digital cell in AgentCell is a virtual Escherichia coli, a single-celled bacterium, which is equipped with all the virtual components necessary to search for food. These digital E. coli contain their own chemotaxis system, which transmits the biochemical signals responsible for cellular locomotion. They also have flagella, the whiplike appendages that cells use for propulsion, and the motors to drive them.
Emonet and his associates have designed their digital bacterial system in modules, so that additional components may be added later.

What’s more is that the AgentCell computer code is going to be an open source project, and available for download right here.

RetCam RetCam™ for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity is a potentially devastating disease that necessitates frequent, intensive screening of premies. Now, MLI (formerly Massie Labs) is touting data for their RetCam imaging system, as an effective remedy:

In the prospective, multicenter PhotoROP study, infants were examined at bedside with the current imaging standard (indirect ophthalmoscope) and remotely with the RetCam™ Digital Imaging System. The study sought to detect clinically significant ROP (CSROP), in other words, ROP that warranted referral to a pediatric eye specialist for potential treatment. Using the RetCam, researchers accurately diagnosed CSROP in 100% of patients as detected by indirect ophthalmoscopy. Furthermore, the condition was identified on average 1 to 2 weeks earlier than with the standard technique…
The RetCam is a unique integrated system that combines first-ever bedside wide-angle viewing, full resolution image selection from real-time digital video with a comprehensive relational database. The availability of an immediate image means that precise diagnostic comparisons can be made over time, rather than relying on inexact drawings in a patient’s chart. The digital capability also enables remote image transfer, so that the clinician no longer needs to be in the same room, or even the same country, as the patient.

More at MLI

zeno zip Zeno Zit Zapper
Do you have a big date tomorrow night? Do you feel a pimple coming on? Are you fifteen years old? Well, you’re in luck. According to a press release, the FDA has approved the Zeno Zit Zapper:

Zeno is a handheld, portable electronic medical device that is clinically proven to make pimples disappear fast. In an FDA-reviewed, controlled clinical trial, 90% of blemishes treated with Zeno disappeared or faded within 24 hours…
Zeno is a clinically proven handheld (rechargeable) medical device. It is not a medication or a laser. It uses a medical heat dose treatment on individual acne blemishes in people with mild to moderate acne. It is best-suited to treat newly emerging blemishes – the ones where you can just feel a new bump forming under the skin. Zeno delivers a precisely controlled dose of heat to the area for 2-1/2 minutes. Dr. Crutchfield recommends treating blemishes 2-4 times, at least one hour apart, over the first 4-12 hours of a blemish’s appearance. It works by destroying bacteria and shortening the pimple’s life cycle significantly. Crutchfield also believes that it also increases blood flow in the area of the blemish and promotes quicker healing.

Crutchfield also believes Stacy Miller would have danced with him at the freshman semi-formal if he hadn’t been sporting a giant pimple on his nose that day, sources close to the dermatologist disclosed. Stacy could not be reached for comment.
Anyway, Crutchfield’s data and website photos suggest that mild to moderate acne is indeed susceptible to “the science of heat.” But if desperate teens are unable to afford the Zeno’s $225 price tag, we advise against the dangerous knock-off therapy called the “Zippo Zit Zapper.” The Zippo lighter, which also provides a steady source of heat, has not been FDA-approved.
More here

Today’s LA Times health section includes an article about medical blogging, featuring several members of the Medgadget team:

The family pictures on the desk. The diplomas on the wall. A few magazine subscriptions, perhaps, or some sailing, tennis or golf memorabilia scattered around the office. In the past, a curious patient could only turn to these bits of evidence to try to know more about the individual behind the medical degrees, the white coat and the carefully scripted bedside manner.
The temptation is understandable. After all, when someone holds your life in his or her hands, it would be nice to know a bit more about what makes them tick. But today, anyone with an Internet connection can have access to the fevered, funny, angry and very human thoughts of these men and women who help us navigate the perilous shoals between illness and health. The vehicle? The doctor’s blog. A blog is the name used to describe a weblog, the constantly updated platform for the idiosyncratic and highly personal musings (or rantings) of anyone who wants to set one up in cyberspace.
“It’s a direct line to see what doctors think that you won’t pick up in the office or from television shows,” says Michael Ostrovsky, a cardiac anesthesiologist in Daly City, Calif., who blogs as medgadget. [Don't get too excited: Dr.O has not been transformed into a medgadget cyborg yet. --ed.]
He says doctors often want an outlet for discussing patient issues and the social and political problems they face on the job, or to gripe about HMOs or Medicare reimbursement rates. “They can vent their frustrations through their websites and learn from other doctors.”

Note to new readers: this passage may have led you to infer Medgadget.com provides keen insight into the doctor’s perspective on health care. The truth is, we just jot down snarky commentary on cool new gizmos. Sure, on rare occasions, we’ve been known to recite poetry or advocate for open scientific access, but mostly we save the passion for the medgadgets.
And then there is some more:

The rising interest in blogs is being driven by more than the literary and clipping, or linking, services. Other physicians believe blogs have the potential to change how medical research gets to the public. “Online access to articles is restricted to subscribers,” Ostrovsky says. “That is not the way to disseminate science. Science needs to be delivered to as wide an audience as possible; it needs to be peerreviewed. The Internet can offer a perfect medium to do this.”
Keeping up with scientific developments becomes impossible for many doctors. Perhaps in the future, Ostrovsky suggests, blogs will be “a peer review platform for a lot of scientific articles.”
But will they create a more trusting doctor-patient relationship? Or perhaps spawn the next Oliver Sacks?
No one can say for sure. For all their dissatisfaction with medicine today, blogs offer doctors a hopeful place to feel unconstrained about their profession, to feel a bracing sense of possibility. As Dr. Charles put it in his first posting: “You almost feel as if you are putting a message in the bottle across the sea, across the world. And you wonder, is this a narcissistic shout or the first living synapse?”

Read: ‘The doctor is logged in’

Interesting nanomedicine research is coming out of UCSF and Georgia Tech:

“Gold nanoparticles are very good at scattering and absorbing light,” said Mostafa [Mostafa El-Sayed, PhD, director of the Laser Dynamics Laboratory and professor at Georgia Tech -ed.]. “We wanted to see if we could harness that scattering property in a living cell to make cancer detection easier. So far, the results are extremely promising.”
Many cancer cells have a protein, known as epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR), all over their surface, while healthy cells typically do not express the protein as strongly. By conjugating, or binding, the gold nanoparticles to an antibody for EFGR, suitably named anti-EFGR, the researchers were able to get the nanoparticles to attach themselves to the cancer cells.
“After we added the nanoparticle-bound antibody to cells, using a simple technique known as darkfield microscopy, we saw the cancer cells light up under the microscope,” said Ivan. “The healthy cells don’t bind the particles well and are dark compared to the cancer. Since the particles have color, we can test multiple antibodies at the same time with a white light. Using simple optics, we can develop low cost techniques for rapid automated detection of cancer in biopsies. Further, we hope to use the scattering and absorption properties to develop techniques to detect cancer in humans without a biopsy.”
In the study, the research team found that the gold nanoparticles have 600 percent greater affinity for cancer cells than for noncancerous cells. The researchers tested their technique using cell cultures of two different types of oral cancer and one nonmalignant cell line. They found two features of the particles to be useful for cancer detection. First, with a microscope, they could see the cells shining. Second, they could measure changes in the amount of light absorbed by the particle as the antibody bound to its target.

More at UCSF…